If you're looking to adopt a canine companion and your interest is piqued by albino dogs, with their beautiful pale coats and hypnotic pink eyes, you're in good company, as many devoted pet parents welcome these dogs into their families.

Before making the adoption official, though, read on to familiarize yourself with the complex condition of an albino dog.

What Is Albinism?

Albinism in dogs — or any species — isn't a specific breed, but is a rare, genetic mutation known as tyrosinase (full albino) or tyrosinase-positive (partial albino).

Albinism causes a complete lack of pigmentation, including of the skin, hair, and eyes as well as the blood vessels, resulting in a pinkish tinge. In fact, one of the tell-tale differences between a true albino dog and a dog with white fur is that the albino has pink eyes. A white-coated dog carries the genetic make-up for white pigmentation, or may be a partial albino, whereas a true albino dog has no pigmentation.

As explained by the National Wildlife Federation, "Not all paler-than-usual animals are albinos, however. Some lack pigment everywhere except their eyes – a phenomenon called 'leucistic' by biologists." Therefore, an all-white dog with blue eyes, such as a Siberian Husky, is not considered an albino.

In order for the condition to manifest itself in offspring, both parents must carry the albinism gene. It's very possible, then, that two black dogs carrying the recessive gene can mate and produce an albino pup.

However, albinism does tend to show up more frequently in certain breeds of dogs, including Collies and Great Danes, and sometimes partial albinism shows itself as "spotting." For example, you may see white spots on the chest or head of a dog, indicating the presence of the (usually) recessive gene, but this dog is not considered to be a true albino.

Health Issues

Because albino dogs lack melanin, which in addition to providing pigment also absorbs the sun's radiation, they are photosensitive (extremely sensitive to ultraviolet rays) and therefore must have protection from direct sunlight. "If a dog has to be outside during peak sun hours," advises PetMD, "pet parents can utilize accessories like bodysuits, shirts and hats with ultraviolet protection." If you adopt an albino dog, you also will need to purchase a pair of doggy sunglasses and manage his outdoor activity very carefully so that his eyesight is not damaged.

Another health concern is sun damage to the skin. Just like humans with pale skin, great care must be taken to prevent too much sun exposure for your pup, which can result in sunburn or skin cancers, including melanoma. In addition to outfitting him with doggy goggles, prepare him for the outdoors by loading him up with sunscreen lotion. If you do opt for sunscreen, speak with your veterinarian first to learn what to purchase and how to apply. There are sunscreens made specifically for dogs, and one formulated for babies may be another option. Be aware that certain ingredients are toxic to dogs: avoid any sunscreen containing PABA (para-aminobenzoic).

A persistent medical concern about albinism is that the condition may cause deafness in dogs and other animals. However, according to George M. Strain, PhD, a professor at Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine who specializes in deafness in dogs and cats, there is no connection. "Albinism, in which melanocytes [cells responsible for melanin production] are present but one of the enzymes responsible for melanin production (tyrosinase) is absent or diminished, does not have an association with deafness." Dr. Strain notes the same result for albino cats, underscoring the fact that deafness is not a side effect of albinism.

A rare and intriguing genetic condition, albinism shouldn't deter you from adopting the pup of your dreams. With the proper care and understanding of your furry friend's health care requirements, you'll live a full and happy life together.

Christine O'Brien Christine O'Brien

Christine O'Brien is a writer, mom, and long-time cat parent whose two Russian Blues rule the house. Her work also appears in Care.com, What to Expect, and Fit Pregnancy, where she writes about pets, pregnancy, and family life. Find and follow her on Instagram and Twitter @brovelliobrien.

Related articles

Is Soda Bad for My Dog?

Learn why soda is a treat to avoid giving your dog, including issues with caffeine & artificial sweeteners, as well as the best alternative for your pup.

'Made in the USA' Dog Food: What You Need to Know

Do you know where your dog food of choice comes from? Is it truly Made in the USA? Learn about, label products as Made in the USA.

Walking a Dog in the Rain: Tips for Promoting Activity While Keeping Dry

Learn how to make rainy day walks with your dog enjoyable for you both, including how to encourage him to get outside and wear rain gear.

Why Do Dogs Chase Squirrels?

Learn why chasing squirrels has long been a favorite activity for many dogs, which breeds usually chase the most, and if they can be trained not to chase.

Avoiding Returning a Dog to the Animal Shelter

Learn how to avoid having to return a dog to the animal shelter after adoption by understanding the reasons why dogs are returned.

Understanding & Caring For Your Miniature-Breed Dog

Learn how the needs of small breed dogs are different than other dogs, and get helpful tips on how you can provide for their needs.

Rehoming a Dog After the Loss of a Loved One

Rehoming a dog may seem overwhelming after the death of a loved one, but there are a few simple tips you can take to help make the adjustment.

5 Ideas for Indoor Exercise for Dogs

Learn how to keep your dog moving with some indoor exercise tips. If you're stuck inside, help them beat cabin fever and keep their body and mind active.

Can Dogs Eat Pumpkin?

Can Dogs Eat Pumpkin?

How to Stop Dog Fence Fighting

Learn what's going on when dogs engage in outdoor "fence fighting", consistently barking & acting aggressive toward one another, and how to help stop it.

Reasons to Adopt a Senior Dog

Adopting a senior dog from a rescue shelter might seem like more work than reward, but it actually lets you better choose a dog for your lifestyle.

How to Manage IBD in Dogs

Learn if your dog may be experiencing symptoms of IBD, why it's different from IBS in people, and how your vet can help manage and treat this condition.

Why Does My Dog Eat So Fast?

It's common for dogs to eat faster than humans, but learn why exactly some dogs might eat too fast and any health issues that can come up because of it.

What Should I Do for a Dog with a Splinter?

Discover helpful information on how to tell if your dog has a splinter, steps you can take to help, and when you need to seek help from a veterinarian.

Why Do Dogs Howl?

Learn some possible reasons for your dog's howling, which breeds are most active howlers, and some training tips for getting them to stop.

5 Signs You Have a Spoiled Dog

Discover whether you might have a spoiled dog on your hands and learn alternative ways to show your pup that you love them.

What's My Dog Doing When I'm Not Home?

Who knows what dogs do when you're not home? Here are some of the most common activities your pet will take part in while you're away.

Pyoderma in Dogs: What You Need to Know

Learn what pyoderma in dogs looks like, what causes it and how nutrition & your dog's food can play a role in preventing and treating the infection.

What to Expect When Adopting a Three-Legged Pet

Learn common concerns from pet parents considering adopting a three-legged pet, including info about mobility, preparing your home, & long-term care.

What to Expect at Your Puppy's 6-Month Health Check

Every puppy should get a health check-up at six months by a veterinarian to make sure he is healthy. Learn what to expect at your puppy's health check.