Your dog loves you with their whole heart, but what happens when their heart isn’t working as it should? Cardiomyopathy is a common heart disease among dogs, and by paying attention to any of your dog's symptoms and bringing them to the veterinarian for regular heart screenings, you can help detect these heart issues and more quickly begin treatment when possible.
There are two major types of cardiomyopathy dogs suffer from: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is less common in dogs than cats.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs
Dilated cardiomyopathy is one of the most common heart diseases in dogs, according to the Pet Health Network. With DCM, heart muscles degenerate and wear thin. Thinner muscle walls decrease the heart’s contractility (how strong it can contract and pump blood), which effectively leads to congestive heart failure.
Though we don't entirely understand what causes DCM in dogs, this type of cardiomyopathy is most often diagnosed in large and giant breed dogs who are middle-aged and older. The disease is at least partly genetic, and nutrition may also play a part, according to the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine. Breeds such as Doberman pinschers and boxers are also prone to breed-specific arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) that may develop into DCM.
If you notice any of the following signs, you should have your dog checked for DCM:
- Exercise intolerance and a general slowing down (common in the disease's early stages)
- Feet are cool to the touch
- Coughing
- Pot-bellied appearance
- Decreased appetite
- Labored breathing
If your dog experiences rapid and heavy breathing, a blue tongue, or if they collapse, you should seek emergency veterinary treatment.
Genetics and nutrition may hold the key to understanding Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), and scientists at Hill’s Pet Nutrition and Embark are partnering on a research project to investigate. This collaborative research will explore options for early detection of DCM, genetic risk factors for DCM (nutritional and non-nutritional), and potential solutions to support healthy recovery of affected dogs. If your dog has been diagnosed with DCM and you'd like to participate in this important research project please fill out this survey.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Dogs
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is more common among cats and rarely occurs in dogs. Unlike DCM, this disease is characterized by a thickening of one or more parts of the heart's walls. HCM has been reported in Airedales, Great Danes, Boston terriers, poodles, bulldogs, and pointers. If your dog has HCM, their vet may recommend treatment for congestive heart failure along with exercise restriction and nutritional therapy.
A dog with HCM might not show any particular signs, but if you notice any of the following, you should contact your veterinarian:
- Fainting
- Signs of heart failure, including cough and exercise intolerance
Occult Cardiomyopathy in Doberman Pinschers
Occult cardiomyopathy — a progressive disease that causes abnormal heart rhythms — affects a large number of adult Doberman pinschers.
Dobermans with occult cardiomyopathy may have no clinical signs for years until arrhythmias progress, and DCM may develop. Older dogs who develop DCM may experience exercise intolerance. Fainting or sudden death may also occur. The best way to avoid these outcomes is to take your Doberman for annual screenings, as they make it more likely that the disease will be detected, and the arrhythmia will be controlled.
Tasty Tips
Boxer Cardiomyopathy
Boxer cardiomyopathy, also called arrhythmogenic right ventricle cardiomyopathy, is a disease that affects a Boxer’s heart muscles and causes arrhythmias. These arrhythmias usually arise from the right ventricle, according to the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine. Fainting episodes or sudden death can occur.
Boxers usually don't show signs of the disease unless their arrhythmias become severe. Arrhythmias may be detected during physical exams or screenings for the condition.
Diagnosis of Cardiomyopathy in Dogs
Your dog's vet can listen to their heart with a stethoscope to identify abnormalities, but murmurs or irregular rhythms aren't always detectable. Further tests are needed to accurately diagnose cardiomyopathy, such as:
- Chest radiographs
- Blood and urine tests (to evaluate the function of organs that may be impaired as a result of heart disease)
- An electrocardiogram
- An ultrasound of the heart (also called an echocardiogram)
Treatment of Cardiomyopathy in Dogs
Cardiomyopathies can be serious diseases and should be diagnosed and treated appropriately. Most dogs with cardiomyopathy improve with treatment, and your veterinarian may prescribe one or more of the following medications:
- Diuretics to help remove excess fluid from the body
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to lower blood pressure and make it easier for blood to flow out of the heart
- Digitalis glycosides to help slow the heart rate and strengthen contractions
- Vasodilators to dilate the arteries/veins and put less stress on the heart to pump blood
- Pimobendan: Medicine with promising results in dogs with DCM.
Nutrition and Cardiomyopathy in Dogs
Your vet may recommend nutritional changes that can help manage cardiovascular health in your pet, including:
- Controlled salt intake helps maintain normal blood pressure
- Although taurine is not an essential nutrient for dogs, it can help support cardiac muscle metabolism. In several dog breeds, there is a strong link between taurine and dilated cardiomyopathy.
- L-carnitine supports healthy heart function
- B-vitamins magnesium may be lost in dogs that receiving diuretics
- Avoiding an excess of protein or phosphorus, which can stress a pet’s kidney health in addition to their heart condition
- Omega-3 fatty acids may help that is common in dogs with heart disease
Be sure to speak with your dog's vet before making any changes to their meal plan.
If you suspect your dog may have heart disease, it's crucial to work with your dog's vet to accurately diagnose and treat the condition. Many dogs with cardiomyopathy continue to live happy lives with hearts healthy to love their pet parents for years to come.
Related products
Hill's Science Diet Perfect Digestion Large Breed Chicken, Brown Rice & Whole Oats Recipe Dog Food
Science Diet's breakthrough nutrition supports ultimate digestive well-being & healthy microbiome. Delicious food in a large bite size
Hill's Science Diet Adult Sensitive Stomach & Skin Small Bites
Hill's Science Diet Sensitive Stomach & Skin dry dog food is gentle on stomachs while nourishing skin & promoting a lustrous coat. In a delicious small bite size
Hill's Science Diet Adult Light Large Breed Chicken Meal & Barley Recipe Dog Food
Fewer calories for less active large breed dogs
Hill's Science Diet Adult No Corn, Wheat, Soy Chicken & Brown Rice Recipe dog food
Supports healthy immune system, digestion, lean muscle & beautiful coat
Hill's Science Diet Adult 7+ Senior Vitality Small & Mini Chicken Meal & Rice Recipe Dog Food
Improves Everyday Ability to Get Up & Go
Hill's Science Diet Adult Small & Mini Savory Stew with Chicken & Vegetables Dog Food
A delicious complement to the nutrition of Science Diet Small & Mini dog food
Hill's Science Diet Adult 7+ Small & Mini Chicken & Brown Rice Recipe Dog Food
For the unique nutritional needs of mature Small & Mini dogs
Hill's Science Diet Adult Perfect Weight Chicken & Vegetable Entrée Dog Food
Over 70% of dogs lost weight within 10 weeks when fed this nutrition
Hill's Science Diet Adult Beef & Barley Entrée Dog Food
Beef & Barley recipe with precisely balanced nutrition to keep adult dogs active and healthy
Hill's Science Diet Adult 6+ Large Breed No Corn, Wheat, Soy Chicken & Brown Rice Recipe dog food
Supports energy & beautiful coat. Helps keep immune system, joints, heart & kidneys healthy
Hill's Science Diet Adult Small Bites Chicken & Barley Recipe Dog Food
Supports lean muscle for dogs who prefer smaller kibble
Hill's Science Diet Puppy Small & Mini Savory Stew with Chicken & Vegetables
A delicious complement to the nutrition of Science Diet Small & Mini dog food
Hill's Science Diet Adult Perfect Digestion Chicken, Barley & Whole Oats Recipe Dog Food
Science Diet's breakthrough nutrition supports ultimate digestive well-being & healthy microbiome
Hill's Science Diet Sensitive Stomach & Skin Can Variety Pack
Hill's Science Diet Sensitive Stomach & Skin Variety Pack
Hill's Science Diet Puppy Chicken & Brown Rice Recipe
Vital nutrients to support 5 essential building blocks for lifelong health
Hill's Science Diet Adult No Corn, Wheat, Soy Savory Stew with Chicken & Zucchini Dog Food
Hill's Science Diet Adult 7+ Small Paws Chicken & Barley Entrée Dog Food
A delicious complement to the nutrition of Science Diet Small Paws 7+ dry dog food
Hill's Science Diet Puppy Chicken & Rice Stew
Chicken & Rice Stew with great taste and precisely balanced nutrition to support 5 essential building blocks for lifelong health
Hill's Science Diet Adult Sensitive Stomach & Skin Large Breed
Hill's Science Diet Sensitive Stomach & Skin Large Breed dry dog food is gentle on stomachs while nourishing skin & promoting a lustrous coat. In a delicious large bite size for large breed dogs.
null Hill's Science Diet Adult Sensitive Stomach & Skin Chicken Recipe Dog Food
Hill's Science Diet Sensitive Stomach & Skin dry dog food is gentle on stomachs while nourishing skin & promoting a lustrous coat.
Related articles
Dog Scratch Reflex: Why Dogs Kick Their Legs During Belly Rubs
Wondering why your dog's leg kicks when you scratch his belly? Learn about dog scratch reflexes, why they love belly rubs and how it's useful for your vet.
Taking your dog to the vet
Trips to the vet can be a challenge for dog owners. Read these tips to have a better vet visit for your dog, including transporting the dog with a carrier.
What Is the Cost of Owning a Dog?
You've made the emotional decision to get a dog, but have you crunched the numbers? The cost of owning a dog requires upfront funds to get started.
Characteristics of a Healthy Puppy
To help ensure your puppy is in healthy, read about the different signs of good puppy health, and talking to your veterinarian about any abnormalities.
5 Popular Small & Toy Dog Breeds in America
U.S. Dog Breed Spotlight: 5 Popular Small & Toy Dogs
Does My Dog Need A Winter Coat?
You pile on layers when it's cold out, but do dogs need winter coats, too? Learn how breed size & your dog's age can help you decide if it's a good idea.
Can Dogs Eat Brown Rice?
Brown rice is a common ingredient in many human foods, but can your dog eat it? Learn the truth about brown rice and if it is actually good for your dog.
What Your Dog is Trying to Tell You
Words may be important for humans to communicate, but canines communicate by dog body language and sounds. Learn how to figure out your pup's signals.
Is My Dog Really Watching TV?
Discover if your dog is actually interested in watching TV, how to pick something you'll both like and the science behind some dogs' TV preferences.
Raising a Puppy: What You Need to Know
Learn how to raise a puppy - prepare your home, get necessary supplies, and understand nutrition, training, socialization, health care, play, and grooming.
Facial Paralysis in Dogs: Is Your Pup Looking Droopy?
Learn how to recognize the signs of facial paralysis in dogs, understand its causes and how the condition can be managed with the help of your vet.
Building a Dog Park in Your Own Backyard
Learn how to create your own backyard dog park, possibly with materials you already have, so that your dog can enjoy the benefits of a dog park at home.
Help! My Dog Won't Go Outside When It's Raining
Discover reasons why dogs might be afraid to go outside in the rain, including issues with relieving themselves while it's raining, and how you can help.
Dog Dry Mouth: How Xerostomia Affects Your Dog
Discover commom causes and treatment of dog dry mouth or xerostomia to help your pup. Learn how absence of saliva may indicate severe underlying health issues.
Anemia in Dogs: Signs, Treatment, Prevention & More
Discover the clinical symptoms of anemia in dogs, why the condition occurs, how its diagnosed & treated, and how you can help with prevention in your dog.
Plastic or Soft Dog Cone? Choosing the Best Elizabethan Collar
Learn all about dog cone collars: Why your pup may need one, choosing the best type, how long they're usually worn and tips to help dogs manage their cone.
Weight Reduction Dog Food and Exercise Tips for a Healthy Weight
What can I feed my overweight dog to lose weight? Learn all about weight reduction dog food plus feeding and exercise tips for a complete weight loss plan.
How to Find the Best Puppy Food for Your Dog
Discover the best puppy food to keep your dog healthy during his formative months. Breed size, ingredients & feeding time are all important considerations.
Reading Dog Food Reviews: What You Need to Know
Learn how to tell the difference between trustworthy dog food reviews and those that are unfounded. Use these six criteria for evaluating reviews.
Are Dogs Really Color Blind?
Are you wondering if dogs really are color blind? Get the scoop on which colors your dog can actually see and which ones should catch his attention.
Put your dog on a diet without them knowing
Our low calorie formula helps you control your dog's weight. It's packed with high-quality protein for building lean muscles, and made with purposeful ingredients for a flavorful, nutritious meal. Clinically proven antioxidants, Vitamin C+E, help promote a healthy immune system.
Put your dog on a diet without them knowing
Our low calorie formula helps you control your dog's weight. It's packed with high-quality protein for building lean muscles, and made with purposeful ingredients for a flavorful, nutritious meal. Clinically proven antioxidants, Vitamin C+E, help promote a healthy immune system.