Cats can develop heart disease just as humans can — and congestive heart failure is one of these shared conditions. This condition occurs when a cat's heart fails to pump as effectively as it should, resulting in the buildup of fluid in places where fluid should not be — causing signs of congestive heart failure in cats. This misplaced congested fluid leads to a kitty going down hill quickly, often struggling to breathe. While congestive heart failure affects both dogs and cats, cats have their own unique set of diseases that often lead to this condition.
Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure in Cats
The most common symptom of congestive heart failure in cats is difficulty breathing. The most common reason for these cats to have difficulty breathing is accumulation of fluid in their chest cavity, according to Merck Veterinary Manual. As fluid accumulates in the chest cavity, the lungs are unable to inflate properly. In turn, this causes cats to develop rapid, shallow, and distressed breathing. The lungs themselves may also become congested with fluid, impairing their ability to function properly. Compared to dogs, cats with heart disease also have significantly higher risks for developing blood clots in their legs. This more commonly occurs in the hind legs and may manifest as acute, severe pain or loss of normal limb function. Other signs may include:
- Coughing
- Lethargy
- Weight loss
- Abdominal bloating (due to fluid accumulation)
- Loss of appetite
- Vomiting
- Loss of consciousness
Unlike dogs where valve disease is a common culprit for heart failure, cats usually develop heart failure secondary to damaged heart muscle. In fact, according to the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine one of the most common causes of congestive heart failure in cats is a disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM. HCM results in thickening and scarring of the heart muscle, preventing the heart chambers from properly filling with blood. This forces the heart to work harder in order to keep pumping the same amount of blood, which exacerbates the injury to the already damaged heart muscle. Although much remains to be learned about how this disease develops, a genetic component has been identified in cats and the two most commonly affected breeds are Maine coon and rag doll cats. A potentially reversible manifestation of this disease can also be seen in cats with thyroid disease (hyperthyroidism). Males do seem to be affected more than females, but no cat is immune from this life-threatening condition.
If you are concerned that your cat is showing signs of congestive heart failure, you should contact a veterinarian immediately as this disease has the ability to become rapidly life-threatening.
Is It Curable?
Unfortunately, most of the damage that occurs in the heart during heart failure is usually irreversible. However, with proper treatment you may be able to temporarily correct fluid buildup in the chest, lungs, or abdomen and start your cat on medications that help slow any further damage to the heart. You'll need to work closely with your veterinarian to determine your cat's prognosis. Common tests your vet may want to run could include blood work, chest X-rays and a heart ultrasound to best identify the root cause of the heart disease. One important exception for irreversible heart disease is that which has occurred secondary to thyroid disease. In these cats, it's possible that by treating the heart failure and underlying thyroid disease you could see long-term resolution of their heart disease. This further emphasizes the importance of working closely with your veterinarian to understand the underlying cause of the heart failure and what treatment options may be available.
Tasty Tips
Treatment Options for Congestive Heart Failure
Thankfully, there are several treatment options available to cats suffering from congestive heart failure. If your cat has fluid built up in their chest or belly, your veterinarian may perform an emergency procedure called a thoracocentesis or abdominocentesis (chest or belly tap, respectively) where they use a needle and syringe to remove this excess fluid. Removing this fluid can help keep your cat comfortable while they do additional diagnostics to determine the cause of the heart failure and may even save your cat's life. Depending on the cause of the heart disease, your veterinarian may prescribe one or several medications that work together to prevent future episodes of congestive heart failure. Medications used to treat the congestive signs of heart failure in cats are oftentimes the same medicines used for humans suffering from congestive heart failure.
These medications are often available in pill, liquid or even transdermal (absorbed through the skin) forms. Most are even available in generic formulations. Your veterinarian may prescribe medications that help the heart muscles and blood vessels to relax or that aid in removing excess fluid from the lungs. Your veterinarian may also consider prescribing a mild blood-thinner to reduce your cat's risk of developing dangerous blood clots.
Though it can be alarming to hear that your cat is in heart failure, there are a number of drugs available. Therefore, it may take some tweaking to find a medication plan that suits your cat best.
Can Congestive Heart Failure be Prevented?
Unfortunately, when cats are diagnosed with congestive heart failure many will succumb to their heart disease within one year of the initial diagnosis. However, if heart disease can be identified BEFORE congestive heart failure develops, your cat has the potential remain your faithful companion for several years if their heart disease responds well to treatment. As the only person who sees your cat daily, your close attention is paramount. Closely monitor your cat's weight, as both an increase or a drop in weight can be related to heart disease in cats. Ensure that your cat receives a well-balanced diet, as nutrition plays a large part in feline heart disease as well. There are therapeutic cat foods available for cats with heart disease to slow the disease's progression.
Annual exams and routine blood work are also recommended, as this allows your vet to watch for trends of creeping blood values before they are outside the normal ranges. If you have an at-risk purebred cat or a cat who you know has a history or heart disease in their family, an annual heart ultrasound to screen for early signs of heart disease should also be discussed with your veterinarian. There are also genetic tests for HCM available and your veterinarian can discuss whether or not these may be appropriate for your pet.
Related products
Hill's Science Diet Adult Healthy Cuisine Seared Tuna & Carrot Medley Cat Food
Delicious seared tuna paired with tender carrots in a mouthwatering sauce
null Hill's Science Diet Kitten with Salmon
Precisely balanced nutrition with the delicious taste of minced salmon to help build immunity and a healthy digestive system
Hill's Science Diet Adult Tender Ocean Fish Dinner cat food
Delectable chunks with tender ocean fish smothered in a rich gravy
Hill's Science Diet Adult 7+ Savory Beef Entrée Cat Food
Delicious taste of gourmet minced beef in precisely balanced nutrition. Provides a synergistic ingredient blend to help support energy & activity level.
Hill's Science Diet Adult 7+ Senior Vitality Chicken & Vegetable Stew Cat Food
Improves Everyday Ability to Get Up & Go
Hill's Science Diet Adult 7+ Tender Tuna Dinner Cat Food
With delicious chunks in a decadent gravy
Hill's Science Diet Adult Perfect Weight Roasted Vegetable & Chicken Medley cat food
Over 70% of cats lost weight within 10 weeks when fed this nutrition
Hill's Science Diet Adult Savory Entrée Can Variety Pack Cat Food
Hill's Science Diet Adult 7+ Tender Tuna Dinner Cat Food
Delectable chunks with tender tuna smothered in a rich gravy
Hill's Science Diet Adult Sensitive Stomach & Skin Grain Free Salmon & Yellow Peas Recipe cat food
Grain free, easy-to-digest food that is gentle on the stomach. Nourishes skin & promotes lustrous fur.
Hill's Science Diet Adult Perfect Digestion Chicken, Vegetable & Rice Stew Cat Food
Science Diet's breakthrough nutrition supports ultimate digestive well-being & healthy microbiome
Hill's Science Diet Adult Tender Dinners Can Variety Pack Cat Food
Delectable chunks with tender chicken smothered in a rich gravy
Hill's Science Diet Adult Hairball Control Ocean Fish Entrée Cat Food
Precisely balanced nutrition to help avoid the formation of hairballs with the delicious taste of savory minced ocean fish
Hill's Science Diet Adult Salmon & Brown Rice Recipe Cat Food
Supports lean muscle and beautiful fur for adult cats
Hill's Science Diet Adult Tender Ocean Fish Dinner Cat Food
With delicious chunks in a decadent gravy
Hill's Science Diet Adult Urinary Hairball Control Chicken Recipe Cat Food
Supports the health of the whole urinary system with optimal levels of magnesium
Hill's Science Diet Adult Perfect Weight Liver & Chicken Entrée Cat Food
Over 70% of cats lost weight within 10 weeks when fed this nutrition
Hill's Science Diet Adult Chicken Recipe Cat Food
Supports lean muscle and beautiful fur for adult cats
Hill's Science Diet Adult No Corn, Wheat, Soy Tender Tuna & Vegetables Stew cat food
Hill's Science Diet Adult Multiple Benefit Chicken Recipe cat food
Supports ideal body weight for cats with different body types
Related articles
Heart Disease in Your Cat: How Nutrition Can Help
Heart diseases can manifest in cats similar to humans, so it is important to catch the warning signs early and consult your vet. Learn more now.
Choosing a Vet for Your Cat? Consider These Factors
Choosing the right veterinary for your cat is very important to its health. Read through our list of things to consider when looking for a new vet.
Just How Smart Are Cats?
Know the importance of understanding a cat's intelligence, mysterious and compelling nature, and cognitive abilities for building a lasting bond with your pet.
The Science Behind Your Cat's Traits
Curious to know more about your cat? From how fast she runs to how high she can jump, learn what science has found out about your cat's distinct traits.
Can Cats Have Schizophrenia?
Can cats have schizophrenia? Maybe, but it's more likely feline hyperesthesia syndrome.
What Is a Munchkin Cat?
Learn all about munchkin cats, including how to spot one, typical features & characteristics, personality, and any special care requirements.
Your Cat in Heat: What You Need to Know
Puppy, kitten and pet dieting, cat nutrition and dog nutrition information from Hill's Pet
Diabetes in Cats: Causes, Signs & Treatments
Know the causes of diabetes in felines to better understand how to prevent it in your cat. Ask your vet for treatment options.
Changing Cat Food: How to Do It Safely
Cat's nutritional needs change as they age, so it is important to know when to change their food to keep them healthy and active.
Do Cats Like Music?
Have you ever wondered if cat's like music? And if so, what kind? Check out this article that digs into the science behind your cat's taste in music.
Pregnancy in Cats: Signs & Preparation for Delivery
If you have or think you have a pregnant cat, click to learn more about how to properly care for her needs including preparation and delivery tips.
Cat Life Stages: Providing the Best Care for Your Cat at Any Age
From the kitten stage to the geriatric cat stage, learn the six cat life stages and tips for providing the best care for your cat at any stage of her life.
Can Cats Have Allergies? Signs, Common Types & Treatments
Learn about common cat allergies, including clinical signs, the most common types of allergies and treatment options for your cat.
Are Cats Protective of Their Humans?
Dogs are well-known for their loyalty, but are cats protective too? Learn whether cats defend their people and how to deal with an overprotective kitty.
Can Cats Eat Rice?
Can cats eat rice? And can cats eat rice to help with digestive issues? Read on to find out if rice can have a role in your cat's meal plan!
What Temperature Do Cats Like?
Cats love to be snug and cozy, but what temperature do they really like best? Learn about the optimum cat climate and how you can accommodate it.
Feline Urinary Tract Diseases & Infections: Facts & Nutritional Tips
Learn about the warning signs, symptoms, and treatments of urinary tract disease in cats and the affect on your cat's health and well-being.
Senior Cat Problems: What You Should Know About Aging Cats
Get to know the problems often associated with aging cats, so you can help them get the most of out of their remaining years.
Why Adopting a Free Kitten Isn't Always a Good Idea
If you're considering adopting a free kitten, learn some of the things to keep in mind, from potential health problems to socialization issues.
Choosing the Best Kitten Food: What to Look For & Avoid
Learn how to identify the kitten food that best aligns with her nutritional needs, keeping her active and healthy as she grows into an adult cat.
Put your cat on a diet without them knowing
Our low calorie formula helps you control your cat's weight. It's packed with high-quality protein for building lean muscles, and made with purposeful ingredients for a flavorful, nutritious meal. Clinically proven antioxidants, Vitamin C+E, help promote a healthy immune system.
Put your cat on a diet without them knowing
Our low calorie formula helps you control your cat's weight. It's packed with high-quality protein for building lean muscles, and made with purposeful ingredients for a flavorful, nutritious meal. Clinically proven antioxidants, Vitamin C+E, help promote a healthy immune system.